Heart & Blood Pressure
This category covers the main medicines used to lower blood pressure and ease the heart’s workload. Most are taken long term, often in combination, to protect against stroke, heart attack and heart failure. Treatment is adjusted over time against readings rather than symptoms, and combinations are common because they act on different mechanisms.
Inderal LA
40mg
Inderal LA is propranolol 40mg in a modified-release capsule for hypertension, angina, migraine prophylaxis and essential tremor. Both beta-1 and beta-2.
Amiodarone Tablets
100 · 200mg
Amiodarone 100mg and 200mg tablets, used in the management of arrhythmia. A class III antiarrhythmic that lengthens the cardiac action potential.
Digoxin Tablets
0.25mg
Digoxin 0.25mg tablets, used in the management of heart failure and atrial fibrillation. A cardiac glycoside that inhibits the sodium-potassium pump.
Candesartan Tablets
4 · 8 · 16mg
Candesartan 4mg, 8mg and 16mg tablets, used in the management of hypertension and chronic heart failure. An angiotensin II receptor blocker.
Warfarin Tablets
1 · 2 · 5mg
Warfarin 1mg, 2mg and 5mg tablets, used in the management of atrial fibrillation, thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis. A vitamin K antagonist.
Amiloride Tablets
5mg
Amiloride 5mg tablets, used in the management of hypertension and oedema. A potassium-sparing diuretic: sodium and water leave, potassium is held back.
Azilsartan and Chlorthalidone Tablets
40/12.5mg
Azilsartan with chlorthalidone as a 40/12.5mg film-coated tablet for hypertension. An angiotensin receptor blocker paired with a thiazide-like diuretic.
Rivaroxaban Tablets
10mg
Rivaroxaban 10mg tablets, used in the management of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation.
Procoralan
5mg
Ivabradine 5mg film-coated tablets, used in the management of stable angina pectoris. It slows the heart by inhibiting the If current alone.
Zestoretic
Lisinopril, Hydrochlorothiazide
5/12.5g/mg
Lisinopril with hydrochlorothiazide as a tablet for hypertension. Two pathways at once: less angiotensin II, and more salt and water out.
Isoptin SR
120 · 240mg
Isoptin SR is verapamil 120mg and 240mg in a modified-release tablet for hypertension, angina and arrhythmia, blocking calcium influx across the day.
Edarbyclor
40/12.5mg
Edarbyclor pairs azilsartan with chlorthalidone in a 40/12.5mg tablet for hypertension, adding renal salt and water excretion to receptor blockade.
Vaseretic
Enalapril, Hydrochlorothiazide
10/25mg
Enalapril with hydrochlorothiazide as a 10/25mg tablet for hypertension. An ACE inhibitor to relax the vessels, a diuretic to shed salt and water.
Ziac
Hydrochlorothiazide, Bisoprolol
2.5/6.25mg
Hydrochlorothiazide with bisoprolol as a 2.5/6.25mg film-coated tablet for hypertension. A cardioselective beta-blocker paired with a thiazide.
Tribenzor
Olmesartan, Amlodipine, Hydrochlorothiazide
20/5/12.5 · 40/5/12.5mg
Olmesartan, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide in one film-coated tablet for hypertension. Receptor blockade, calcium blockade and a diuretic together.
Apresoline
25mg
Hydralazine 25mg tablets, used in the management of hypertension and heart failure. A vasodilator that relaxes arterial smooth muscle directly.
Micardis HCT
Telmisartan, Hydrochlorothiazide
40/12.5 · 80/12.5mg
Micardis HCT pairs telmisartan with hydrochlorothiazide in 40/12.5mg and 80/12.5mg tablets for hypertension, a sartan with a thiazide diuretic.
Benicar HCT
Olmesartan, Hydrochlorothiazide
20/12.5 · 40/12.5mg
Benicar HCT pairs olmesartan with hydrochlorothiazide in 20/12.5mg and 40/12.5mg tablets for hypertension, adding a diuretic to the receptor blocker.
Key points
- Most of these are taken long term and often in combination, because one agent alone frequently will not reach target.
- The classes act on different parts of the system: vessels, hormones, heart rate and fluid balance.
- High blood pressure is usually symptomless, so treatment is guided by measurement rather than by how someone feels.
Classes and ingredients in this category
- Calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine and verapamil relax blood vessels.
- ACE inhibitors and ARBs like lisinopril and olmesartan block hormones that raise pressure.
- Beta blockers such as metoprolol slow and steady the heartbeat.
- Diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide clear excess fluid.
Conditions it covers
These medicines are used for hypertension, angina pectoris, heart failure and arrhythmia. Kidney function, other conditions and side-effect tolerance all shape which combination suits a person.
Further reading
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