Hypotension
Hypotension means blood pressure that is lower than normal, typically below 90/60 mmHg. Many people tolerate low readings without any trouble, but when pressure drops enough to reduce blood flow to the brain, it causes symptoms that range from mild light-headedness to sudden fainting.
Key points
- The most common form causes a sharp drop in pressure specifically upon standing up from sitting or lying down.
- Simple measures such as extra fluids, added salt and compression garments often ease mild cases before medicine is considered.
- If everyday adjustments do not fully control symptoms, a medicine that raises vascular tone may be added for standing-related drops.
Why it happens and who it affects
The most common form is orthostatic hypotension, where pressure falls sharply on standing. This is especially common in older adults, but heat and humidity in tropical climates make it a problem for younger people too. Dehydration from sweating, prolonged standing, certain medicines, and underlying heart or nerve conditions are all frequent triggers.
Managing low blood pressure
Mild cases often respond to simple measures: drinking more fluids, adding a little extra salt to meals, wearing compression stockings, and rising from a seated or lying position slowly. When lifestyle changes are insufficient, medicines that raise vascular tone or increase blood volume may be needed. Midodrine is a commonly used agent for symptomatic orthostatic hypotension. Browse the full heart and blood pressure category for related medicines.
Seek urgent care if you lose consciousness, feel chest pain, or experience confusion alongside a drop in blood pressure.