Deep Vein Thrombosis

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a blood clot forms inside a deep vein, most often in the calf or thigh. The clot can block blood flow and, if it breaks free and travels to the lungs, cause a pulmonary embolism, a medical emergency. Long-haul flights common across Southeast and East Asia are a recognised risk factor, making DVT awareness particularly relevant for frequent travellers in the region.

Medicines used to treat Deep Vein Thrombosis

Recognising a clot in the leg

The affected limb may swell, feel warm, and show a dull ache or tightness that worsens when standing or walking. Skin can look red or take on a bluish tinge. Some DVTs cause no obvious symptoms at all, which is why sudden leg swelling after a period of immobility should always be assessed promptly. If you develop chest pain, rapid breathing, or cough up blood, seek emergency care immediately as these suggest the clot has reached the lungs.

How DVT is managed

Treatment centres on anticoagulants, medicines that prevent the clot from growing and reduce the risk of new ones forming. Warfarin has been the longstanding oral option and requires regular blood monitoring to maintain the correct dose. Newer direct oral anticoagulants such as rivaroxaban offer a fixed dose without routine blood tests and are now widely used as a first-line choice. Both approaches fall under heart and blood pressure management more broadly. Treatment typically continues for three to six months, sometimes longer depending on the underlying cause and clot severity.