Meniere’s Disease
Meniere’s disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes sudden, unpredictable episodes of severe rotational vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and a sensation of fullness in the affected ear. Episodes can last from twenty minutes to several hours, leaving significant fatigue afterwards. The underlying cause is thought to be abnormal fluid pressure in the labyrinth of the inner ear, though the precise trigger is not fully understood.
Medicine used to treat Meniere's Disease
Managing the Episodes
The main aim of treatment is to reduce the frequency and severity of vertigo attacks. Betahistine is the most commonly used medicine for Meniere’s disease; it is thought to improve blood flow within the inner ear and reduce fluid pressure. It is taken daily on an ongoing basis rather than only during attacks. Lifestyle adjustments, reducing salt intake, limiting caffeine and alcohol, and managing stress, can complement medicine and help lower attack frequency. Vestibular rehabilitation exercises may assist recovery between episodes. For people whose vertigo is severe and disabling despite medical treatment, specialist referral for further procedures is warranted. A sudden onset of new or worsening neurological symptoms alongside vertigo, such as difficulty speaking, double vision, or limb weakness, should prompt urgent medical attention as these may point to a different cause.