Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by persistent difficulties with attention, impulse control, and, in some presentations, hyperactivity. It begins in childhood and frequently continues into adulthood, affecting work performance, relationships, and daily organisation. ADHD is well documented across Asia, including in Singapore, South Korea, Japan, and India, though rates of diagnosis vary considerably between countries due to differences in awareness and healthcare access.
Medicine used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
What ADHD looks like in practice
The condition presents in three broad patterns: predominantly inattentive (difficulty sustaining focus, frequent forgetfulness), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive (restlessness, acting without thinking), or a combined type. Adults with undiagnosed ADHD often report chronic disorganisation, difficulty completing tasks, and problems regulating emotions rather than the more visible hyperactivity seen in children.
How ADHD is managed
Treatment typically combines behavioural strategies with medicine. Non-stimulant options such as atomoxetine act on noradrenaline pathways and are used where stimulant medicines are not suitable. Broader neurology and nootropics categories include related agents that support cognitive function. Alongside medicine, structured routines, cognitive behavioural therapy, and workplace or school accommodations form a core part of long-term management.
If ADHD symptoms are significantly affecting daily life or safety, a formal assessment with a qualified clinician is the right first step.