Acute Bacterial Sinusitis
Acute bacterial sinusitis develops when bacteria colonise the sinus cavities, usually following a viral upper respiratory infection. The infection causes the sinus lining to swell, trapping mucus and creating pressure that can be deeply unpleasant. It is a common diagnosis across Asia, particularly during monsoon seasons when humid air and indoor air-conditioning encourage respiratory infections to linger.
Medicine used to treat Acute Bacterial Sinusitis
Telling it apart from a common cold
The main clue is timing and the character of symptoms. A cold generally peaks around day three and fades within seven to ten days. Bacterial sinusitis is more likely when symptoms persist beyond ten days without improving, or when they worsen again after an initial recovery. Classic features include thick yellow or green nasal discharge, facial pressure or pain (often worse when bending forward), reduced sense of smell, and a dull headache centred around the forehead or cheeks. Fever is present in some cases but not all.
Antibiotic treatment
When bacterial infection is confirmed or strongly suspected, a course of antibiotics is the standard approach. Cefuroxime is a second-generation cephalosporin commonly used for this infection; it covers the bacteria most often responsible, including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. The full course should be completed even if symptoms ease early.
Alongside antibiotics, saline nasal rinses and adequate hydration help clear mucus and relieve pressure. Seek medical attention promptly if you develop severe facial swelling, changes in vision, a stiff neck, or a high fever, as these may signal spread of infection beyond the sinuses.